The Gregorian Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is the most popular solar calendar today. It has 365 days in a year that are unequally divided into 12 months.^[2]

The Gregorian calendar was introduced in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. It is named in honor of him. Prior to the introduction of this calendar, the main one used in the Western world was the Julian calendar. Due to the errors in the Julian calendar, Easter kept getting pushed further and further into the year. To avoid this, Pope Gregory organized the creation of his calendar so that Easter would remain in the Spring.^[1]

Aloysius Lilius (c.1510-1576) and Christopher Clavius (1537-1612) were chosen to create the Gregorian calendar. Pope Gregory VIII’s Inter gravissimas ordered the calendar to be in use on February 24, 1582. The Catholics were more open to the change than the Protestants.^{[3, p.85], [4, p.55]}

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References:

[1] – Moyer, Gordon. “The Gregorian Calendar.” Scientific American, vol. 246, no. 5, 1982, pp. 144–153., www.jstor.org/stable/24966597. Accessed 2 Nov. 2020.

[2] – https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/gregorian-calendar.html. Accessed 2 Nov. 2020.

[3] – Mondschein, Ken, and Neal Stephenson. On Time: a History of Western Timekeeping. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2020.

[4] – Edward M. Reingold & Nachum Dershowitz. “Calendrical Calculations: The Ultimate Edition” (Cambridge, 2018). Accessed 4 Feb. 2021.

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