Second Roman Empire from the 1st century BC to the 3rd century AD in Italy

Start of Empire: three great emperors in the 1st c. BC. Pompey the Great, Sulla Lucius, Julius Caesar. 

A – Octavianus Augustus 23 (or 27)BC-14 AD. Octavianus adopted son of Julius Caesar, comes to power at 19

B – Tiberius 14-37 

C – Emperors are Caesars, often with the name of Germanicus. Many ancient Roman gold coins date from Second Empire. Emperors are called Augusti (sacred)

1 – Octavianus Augustus (Saint) 23BC-14AD

2 – Germanicus 6-19. Judas’ treachery, Saviour’s passion. 

3 – Tiberius and Caligula 14-41. 

4 – Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero 14-68

5 – Claudius and Nero 41-68, complete name contains ‘Black’

6 – Nero 54-68

7 – Two Tituses Vespansianuses 69-81

8 – Eruption of Vesuvius burying Pompeii and Herculaneum in 79 AD

9 – Domitian 81-96

10 – Trajan and Hadrian 98-138. Both are called Trajan

11 – Antonius Pius 138-161

12 – Lucius Verus 161-169

13 – Marcus Aurelius 161-180. Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, famous antique Roman relic.

14 – Commodus and Caracalla 180-217

15 – Septimius Severus 193-211

16 – Anarchy, Julia Maesa and her favourites 217-235. End of 2nd Roman Empire. War in Italy in mid-3rd century AD. War with Goths.