Anno Mundi Reference List

Anno Mundi dating is dating from the Creation of the world by God. According to the list below, the dates range from 7388 BCE to 3616 BCE, about 3772 years in difference.

Who calculated the Anno Mundi dates?

The names of the calculators in chronological order by date of birth from oldest to youngest are;

Megasthenes (allegedly c.350-290BC)

Titus Flavius Josephus (allegedly 37-100AD)

Diogenes Laërtius (180-240AD)

Venerable Bede (allegedly c.672-735)

Alfonso X (allegedly 1221-1284)

Martin Luther (1483-1546)

Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484-1558)

Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560)

Pope Gregory XIII (1502-1585)

Joseph Scaliger (1540-1609)

Pope Urban VIII (1568-1644)

Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)

Rabbi Lipman (1579-1654)

Archbishop James Ussher (1581-1656)

Dionysius Petavius (1583-1652)

John Lightfoot (1602-1675)

Augustin Calmet (1672-1757)

Guillaume Le Gentil (1725-1792)

Jean-Silvain Bailly (1736-1793)

Dr. William Hales (1747-1831)

Bert Thompson (alive)

Dean Coombs (1962-present)

What are the oldest and youngest estimates? The following list is primarily based on [1] and [2] unless cited otherwise. There are a number of conflicting dates attributed to individual people in the list. For instance, [2] says that Joseph Scaliger dated the creation of the world to 4713 B.C. while [3] says Joseph Scaliger dated it to 3947 B.C.. To a lesser difference, [2] says Petavius dated it to 3984, while [3] says 3983.

All the dates below are B.C. dates. The dates and their daters are as follows:

7388 – “according to the modern Grecians”^{[7, p.23]}

7382 – Josephus (C1st CE)^{[7, p.23]}

6984 – Alfonso X (1221-1284)

6204 – Guillaume Le Gentil (1725-1792)

6174 – based on Arab records^[2]

6158 – Jean-Silvain Bailly (1736-1793)

6157 – Jean-Silvain Bailly’s (1736-1793) Chinese date

6138 – Diogenes Laërtius (180-240 AD)

6081 – Bailly’s (1736-1793) Egyptian date

6000 – Early church commentators

5829 – Joseph Justus Scaliger^{[7, p.23]}

5586 – Septuagint (LXX)

5555 – Josephus (37-100 AD)

5509, September 1st – Byzantine creation era^{[8, p.73]}

5508, March 1st – Byzantine creation era^{[8, p.73]}

5508 – Eastern Orthodox Church

5508 – “the ancient Greeks”,^{[7, p.23]} the Greek church^{[7, p.44]}

5507 – Bailly’s (1736-1793) Persian date

5500 – Gregory of Tours (6th c. AD)^{[6, p.160]}

5500 – Chronicle of Axum

5499 – Sextus Africanus (160-240)^{[7, p.23]}

5493 – Ethiopian Church

5493 – Panodorus (c.400 CE)^{[10, p.49]}

5493, March 25th – Alexandrian creation era^{[8, p.73]}

5492 – Alexandrian chronology of Annianus^{[5, p.399]}

5490 – Syrian Christians

5481 – Josephus (37-100AD)

5411 – Dr. William Hales (1747-1831)^{[7, p.23]}

5369 – Megasthenes (allegedly c.350-290BC)

5311 – Dr. William Hales (1747-1831)^[2]

5200 – Anglo-Saxons and early Britons

5199 – Pope Gregory XIII (1502-1585) and Pope Urban VIII (1568-1644)

5000 – James Ussher (1581-1656)^{[10, p.50]}

4968 – “L’art de verifier les dates”^{[7, p.23]}

4905 – “Nennius’ Historia“^{[7, p.23]}

4713, Jan. 1st – Joseph Scaliger (1540-1609)^[2]

4456 – Dean Coombs (1962-present)

4305 – Dean Coombs (1962-present)

4245 – Dean Coombs (1962-present)

4181 – Johann Christoph Gatterer (1727-1799)^{[10, p.50]}

4175 – Bert Thompson (alive)

4122 – Baha’i Faith

4115 – Dean Coombs (1962-present)

4103 – Brian Walton ^{[3, p.318]}

4090 – Dean Coombs (1962-present)

4089 – Giuseppe Blancano, Gilbert Genebrard, Arnauld de Pontac ^{[3, p.318]}

4054 – Philippe Briet, Philippe Labbe ^{[3, p.318]}

4053 – Claude Clement ^{[3, p.318]}

4052 – Gabriel Bucelin, Jean de Bussieres, Jacques Salian ^{[3, p.318]}

4051 – Henri de Sponde (Spondanus), Agostino Tornielli ^{[3, p.318]}

4046 – Reformation Online

4040 – Wilhelm Lange^{[3, p.318]}

4031 – Sir Walter Ralegh^{[3, p.318]}

4030 – Dean Coombs (1962-present)

4026 – Jehovah’s Witnesses

4022 – Patrick Anderson, Benito Pereyra (Pererius)^{[3, p.318]}

4020 – Thomas Pie^{[3, p.318]}

4005 – John Swan^{[3, p.318]}

4004 – Archbishop James Ussher (1625-1656), John Lightfoot (1602-1675)^[2], Georg Horn, William Howell, Antoine Le Grand, James Ussher, ^{[3, p.318]} Isaac Newton^{[9, p.115]}

4002 – Augustin Calmet (1672-1757)^[2], Jens Bircherod, James Gordon^{[3, p.318]}

4000 – Jacques Cappel, Agostino Ferentilli, Christoph Helwig (Helvicus), Martin Luther, Francisco Suarez, Orazio Torsellino^{[3, p.318]}

4000 – Eusebius of Caesarea (c.260-340)^{[10, p.49]}

c.4000 – Newton and Kepler^{[6, p.161]}

3996 – F. M. van Helmont^{[3, p.317]}

3993 – Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)^[2]

3992 – Johann Kepler^{[3, p.317]}

3986 – Dionysius Petavius^{[10, p.50]}

3984 – Dionysius Petavius (1583-1652) ^[2], Walter Lynne^{[3, p.317]}

3983 – Charles de Bouelles, Denis Petau (Petavius)^{[3, p.317]}

3980 – Lambert Daneau^{[3, p.317]}

3974 – Heinrich Bullinger^{[3, p.317]}

3979 – Theodor Buchmann (Bibliander)^{[3, p.317]}

3970 – Abraham Bucholzer, Johann Cluver, Matthaus Dresser, Hendrik Guthberleth, Meredith Hanmer, Leonhard Krentzheim, Heinrich Pantaleon, Elias Reusner, David Tost (Origanus),^{[3, p.317]} Sir John Skene^{[7, p.23]}

3969 – Francisco Vicente de Tornamira^{[3, p.317]}

3968 – Heinrich Bunting^{[3, p.317]}

3967 – Girolamo Bardi, William Perkins ^{[3, p.317]}

3966 – Gerhard Kremer (Mercator), Pieter van Opmeer, John Taylor the Water Poet ^{[3, p.317]}

3964 – Abraham Fleming ^{[3, p.317]}

3963 – Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560) ^[2], Johann Carian, Johann Funck, Richard Grafton, Jakob Kimmedonck, Anthony Munday ^{[3, p.317]}

3962 – Michael Beuther, David Chytraeus, Thomas Cooper, Paul Krauss (Crusius), Manuel de Faria y Sousa, Johann Thomas Freig, Thomas Lanquet, Chretian Masseeuw, Clemens Schubert, Istvan Szekely ^{[3, p.317]}

3961 – Martin Luther (1483-1546)^[2]

3960 – Hugh Broughton, Giovanni Nicolo Doglioni, Philipp van Lansbergen, Giovanni Lucido, William Nisbet, Matthias Prideaux, Giuseppe Rosaccio ^{[3, p.317]}

3959 – Stephen Bateman ^{[3, p.317]}

3958 – Valerius Rüd (Anshelm), Heinrich Wolff ^{[3, p.317]}

3955 – Alonso Maldonado ^{[3, p.317]}

3954 – Johann Philippson (Sleidanus) ^{[3, p.317]}

3952 – Venerable Bede (c.672-735)^{[6, p.160]}

3951 – Cornelis van den Steen (a Lapide) ^{[3, p.316]}

3950 – Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484-1558)^[2], Ubbe Emmen, Seth Kallwitz [Calvisius], Theobald Meuschius, Henri de Samrez [Samerius], Friedrich Spanheim, Girolamo Vecchietti ^{[3, p.316]}

3949 – John Gregory,^{[3, p.316]} Joseph Scaliger^{[11, p.4]}

3948 – Albert Otto Horn, Robert Pont, William Slayter, Griffith Williams^{[3, p.316]}

3947 – Johann Heinrich Alsted, Johann Ludwig Gottfried, Henry Isaacson, Johann Micraelius, Joseph Scaliger, Christian Schotanus^{[3, p.316]}

3939 – John More^{[3, p.316]}

3935 – Andrew Willet^{[3, p.316]}

3934 – Thomas Allen^{[3, p.316]}

3928 – Matthieu Beroalde, Henoch Clapham, John Lightfoot, David Pareus, Anthony Rudd,^{[3, p.316]} Broughton^{[9, p.115]}

3900 – Dean Coombs (1962-present)

3761 – Ancient Jewish scholars

3761, October 6th – Jewish creation era^{[8, p.73]}

3761 – The Hebrew Calendar^{[6, p.160]}

3760 – Ancient Jewish scholars,^{[3, p.315]} “the present day Jews”^{[7, p.23]}

3641 – Mayan

3616 – Rabbi Lipman (1579-1654)

I have left out a few of the modern datings. The above list includes the majority of the most important historical Anno Mundi datings. We may calculate a difference of 3,368 years between the youngest dating from Rabbi Lipman to the oldest dating by Alfonso X. If we date back from the year 1600, this gives us a scale of 8,584 years. On a scale of 8,584 years, 3,368 years creates a segment which comprises nearly 40 percent of the whole scale. Another note to be made is that most datings happen between 1400 and 1900. The few that happen prior to this are not easy to trace through history.

References:

[1] – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anno_Mundi.

[2] – http://www.religioustolerance.org/ev_date1.htm. Accessed 13 August 2020.

[3] – Patrides, C. A. “Renaissance Estimates of the Year of Creation.” Huntington Library Quarterly, vol. 26, no. 4, 1963, pp. 315–322. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3816747. Accessed 13 August 2020.

[4] – Meltzer, David J. “The Antiquity of Man and the Development of American Archaeology.” Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, vol. 6, 1983, pp. 1-51. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/20210064. Accessed 21 August 2020.

[5] – Patricia Varona. “Chronology and History in Byzantium” (2018). file:///C:/Users/carle/Downloads/16035-19553-1-PB.pdf. Accessed 6 Nov. 2020.

[6] – Mondschein, Ken, and Neal Stephenson. On Time: a History of Western Timekeeping. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2020.

[7] – James Cecil Macdonald. “Chronologies and Calendars” (London, 1897).

[8] – E. J. Bickerman. “Chronology of the Ancient World” (1968). Accessed 2 Feb. 2021.

[9] – Buchwald, Jed Z. and Mordechai Feingold. Newton and the Origin of Civilization. Course Book ed. Princeton University Press, 2012. Accessed Mar. 2021.

[10] – Frank Jolles. “German Romantic chronology and its impact on the interpretation of history”, in Tim Murray’s “Time and Archaeology” (1999). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Time_and_Archaeology/C6iHAgAAQBAJ?q=%22Johann+Christoph+Gatterer%22+1727&gbpv=0#f=false. Accessed 4 May 2021.

[11] – Nothaft, Philipp. Dating the Passion: The Life of Jesus and the Emergence of Scientific Chronology (200–1600) (Time, Astronomy, and Calendars). Brill, 2011. Accessed 21 Jun. 2021.

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